Different Types Of Calla Lilies – A Greeny Gardener’S Guide

ByRimon Chowdhury Updated on

Picture this: a vibrant splash of color, elegant trumpet-shaped blooms, and lush foliage transforming your garden or indoor space. Sound appealing? You’re likely envisioning the magnificent calla lily! Many gardeners, both new and experienced, often wonder about the sheer variety available. You might feel a little overwhelmed when trying to pick the perfect one for your space, or perhaps you’re just curious about the vast world of these stunning flowers.

Don’t worry, you’re not alone! It’s true, there are so many different types of calla lilies, each with its own charm and unique requirements. But here’s the good news: with a little guidance, choosing and growing these beauties is incredibly rewarding. In this comprehensive Greeny Gardener’s guide, we’re going to dive deep into the diverse world of calla lilies.

We’ll explore their captivating varieties, demystify their specific needs, and equip you with all the knowledge to grow them successfully. By the end, you’ll be able to confidently identify, select, and care for the calla lily that perfectly complements your gardening dreams. Let’s unlock the secrets to a thriving, colorful calla lily display!

Understanding the Calla Lily Family: Zantedeschia

Before we explore the glorious array of different types of calla lilies, let’s get acquainted with their botanical family. Calla lilies belong to the genus Zantedeschia, part of the Araceae family, which also includes plants like philodendrons and peace lilies. Despite their common name, they aren’t true lilies at all! They’re native to Southern Africa, thriving in marshy, subtropical regions.

These plants are primarily grown from rhizomes or tubers, which are modified underground stems that store nutrients. This characteristic is key to understanding their growth habits and how to care for them. Knowing this helps us understand the nuances of a comprehensive different types of calla lilies guide.

The distinctive “flower” of a calla lily is actually a modified leaf called a spathe, which wraps around a central stalk called a spadix. The true flowers are tiny and inconspicuous, found on the spadix. It’s the elegant spathe that gives the calla lily its iconic, sophisticated look.

The Big Two: Arum Lilies vs. Garden Calla Lilies

When discussing different types of calla lilies, it’s crucial to distinguish between the two main groups. This understanding is fundamental to knowing how to different types of calla lilies effectively, as their needs can vary significantly.

The Classic White: Zantedeschia aethiopica (Arum Lily)

This is the calla lily many people first picture. Zantedeschia aethiopica, often called the Common Calla Lily or Arum Lily, is characterized by its large, pure white spathes and vibrant green foliage. These are typically the larger, more robust calla lilies.

  • Growth Habit: These are rhizomatous plants. They tend to be larger, growing up to 3 feet tall, and prefer consistently moist to wet soil. They can even be grown as marginal aquatic plants!
  • Hardiness: Generally hardy in USDA Zones 8-10. In colder climates, they can be overwintered indoors.
  • Blooming: They often bloom in late spring to early summer, and sometimes sporadically throughout the year in ideal conditions.
  • Usage: Perfect for large garden beds, borders, water gardens, or as dramatic cut flowers.

The Colorful Cousins: Hybrid Calla Lilies (Garden Calla Lilies)

This group encompasses the vast majority of colored calla lilies you see today. These hybrids are derived from species like Z. elliottiana (yellow) and Z. rehmannii (pink/red). They are often referred to as Garden Calla Lilies or Dwarf Calla Lilies.

  • Growth Habit: These grow from tubers, not rhizomes. They are generally smaller, ranging from 1-2 feet tall, and prefer well-draining soil. They are more drought-tolerant than Z. aethiopica once established.
  • Hardiness: Typically less hardy, thriving in USDA Zones 8-10. In colder regions (Zones 3-7), their tubers are usually dug up and stored indoors over winter.
  • Blooming: They tend to have a more defined blooming period in summer, usually lasting several weeks.
  • Usage: Ideal for containers, smaller garden beds, mixed borders, or as stunning patio plants.

Exploring the Different Types of Calla Lilies by Color & Form

Now for the fun part – let’s explore the stunning spectrum of colors and forms! This section will help you understand the benefits of different types of calla lilies, allowing you to select the perfect bloom for your aesthetic and growing conditions.

Classic White Calla Lilies

While we discussed Z. aethiopica, there are specific cultivars within this group known for their exceptional beauty.

  • ‘Giant White’ (or ‘White Giant’): As the name suggests, this is a very robust variety with large, pure white spathes and lush, arrow-shaped leaves. It’s a fantastic choice for making a bold statement.
  • ‘Green Goddess’: A unique variety where the white spathe is tipped with a distinct lime green, giving it a fresh, two-toned appearance.
  • ‘Crowborough’: Known for its strong stems and pristine white blooms, making it an excellent cut flower.

Sunny Yellow & Orange Calla Lilies

These vibrant varieties bring a burst of sunshine to any garden. Many are hybrids of Z. elliottiana.

  • ‘Black-Eyed Beauty’: A stunning cream-yellow spathe with a contrasting deep purple-black throat, creating a dramatic effect.
  • ‘Captain Safari’: Features rich, deep orange blooms that truly stand out. A fantastic choice for warm-toned garden palettes.
  • ‘Gold Crown’: A brilliant, uniform golden-yellow, perfect for adding a cheerful touch.
  • ‘Mango’: Offers a blend of orange and yellow, often with a hint of red, reminiscent of a tropical sunset.
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Romantic Pink & Purple Calla Lilies

These elegant shades, often derived from Z. rehmannii, add a touch of romance and sophistication.

  • ‘Captain Romance’: Known for its soft, delicate pink blooms that deepen in color as they mature.
  • ‘Lavender Gem’: Features beautiful lavender-purple spathes, sometimes with a subtle darker throat.
  • ‘Purple Sensation’: A rich, deep purple that makes a dramatic impact in containers or beds.
  • ‘Crystal Blush’: Starts as a creamy white and gradually blushes with soft pink, offering an evolving color display.

Dramatic Red & Dark Calla Lilies

For those who love drama and intensity, these varieties are showstoppers. Many of these also trace their lineage to Z. rehmannii.

  • ‘Captain Prominence’: A vivid, true red calla lily that commands attention.
  • ‘Black Star’ (or ‘Black Magic’): Features incredibly deep, almost black-purple spathes. These are truly unique and add a touch of mystery.
  • ‘Schwarzwalder’: Another excellent dark variety, offering rich, velvety black-purple blooms.
  • ‘Flame’: A fiery blend of red, orange, and sometimes yellow, creating a dynamic and warm display.

Unique & Bicolor Calla Lilies

Beyond single colors, some calla lilies offer fascinating combinations and unique forms.

  • ‘Picasso’: A striking bicolor with white spathes that have a vibrant purple-pink edge, creating a beautiful contrast.
  • ‘Lipstick’: Features a creamy white spathe with a distinct, bold red tip, looking as if it’s been painted.
  • ‘Hot Chocolate’: A rich, bronze-brown color, often with hints of red or purple, offering an unusual and sophisticated hue.

Choosing the Right Calla Lily for Your Garden

With so many different types of calla lilies, how do you pick the perfect one? It’s about matching the plant’s needs with your garden’s conditions and your personal aesthetic. Consider these factors when making your selection:

1. Climate & Hardiness Zone: Are you in a warm climate where calla lilies can stay in the ground year-round (Zones 8-10), or will you need to dig up tubers/rhizomes in winter (Zones 3-7)?

2. Sun Exposure: Most calla lilies prefer full sun to partial shade. The colorful hybrids generally need more sun to produce abundant blooms, while Z. aethiopica can tolerate more shade, especially in hot climates.

3. Soil Type:

  • For Z. aethiopica (white): Prefers consistently moist, even boggy soil.
  • For colorful hybrids: Requires well-draining soil to prevent tuber rot.

4. Space & Growth Habit:

  • Large, dramatic displays? Go for Z. aethiopica varieties.
  • Containers, small beds, or mixed borders? The compact colorful hybrids are perfect.

5. Desired Color Palette: Do you want a classic, elegant white, a vibrant pop of yellow, or a dramatic dark hue? The options are endless!

6. Usage: Are you growing them for cut flowers, garden display, or container accents? Some varieties are better suited for specific purposes. This forms part of the different types of calla lilies best practices.

Essential Care for Your Different Types of Calla Lilies

Once you’ve chosen your favorite variety, proper care is key to enjoying those stunning blooms. While specific needs vary slightly between the two main groups, these general different types of calla lilies care guide principles apply.

Planting Your Calla Lilies

For tuberous varieties (colorful hybrids), plant tubers with the “eyes” (growth points) facing upwards, about 3-4 inches deep and 12-18 inches apart. For rhizomatous Z. aethiopica, plant rhizomes just below the soil surface.

Plant after the last frost date in spring, when soil temperatures have warmed up. If starting indoors in pots, do so 4-6 weeks before the last frost.

Sunlight Requirements

Most calla lilies thrive in full sun to partial shade. In hotter climates, afternoon shade can protect their delicate blooms from scorching and help prolong flowering. White calla lilies (Z. aethiopica) are generally more tolerant of shade than their colorful cousins.

Watering Best Practices

This is where the distinction between the two groups is most important:

  • White Calla Lilies (Z. aethiopica): These are thirsty plants! Keep their soil consistently moist, especially during the growing and blooming season. They can even tolerate boggy conditions or be planted at the edge of ponds.
  • Colorful Hybrid Calla Lilies: While they appreciate consistent moisture during active growth, they need excellent drainage. Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry out slightly between waterings to prevent tuber rot. Overwatering is a common culprit for issues with these types.

Soil & Fertilization

Soil: All calla lilies prefer rich, well-draining soil. Amend heavy clay soils with compost to improve drainage and aeration. For container plants, use a high-quality potting mix.

Fertilization: Feed your calla lilies every 2-4 weeks during the growing and blooming season with a balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 5-10-5 or 10-10-10). Reduce or stop feeding once blooming ceases.

Winter Care & Overwintering

This is a crucial step for gardeners in colder climates (USDA Zones 3-7).

  1. Digging Up Tubers/Rhizomes: After the first light frost, when the foliage starts to yellow and die back, carefully dig up the tubers or rhizomes.
  2. Drying: Gently brush off excess soil and allow them to dry in a cool, airy place for a few days.
  3. Storage: Store them in a cool (40-50°F / 4-10°C), dry, dark, and well-ventilated area. Peat moss, vermiculite, or sawdust in a paper bag or mesh onion sack works well.
  4. Replanting: Replant in spring after all danger of frost has passed.
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Sustainable & Eco-Friendly Calla Lily Practices

As Greeny Gardeners, we always advocate for sustainable choices.

  • Compost Power: Incorporate plenty of organic compost into your soil. This improves soil structure, retains moisture, and provides nutrients naturally, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers.
  • Water Wisely: Use drip irrigation or water early in the morning to minimize evaporation. Collect rainwater for an eco-friendly watering source.
  • Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Monitor for pests regularly. Use organic solutions like neem oil or insecticidal soap for common problems before resorting to harsher chemicals.
  • Support Local: Purchase your tubers and rhizomes from local nurseries or reputable growers who prioritize sustainable practices.

These eco-friendly different types of calla lilies tips help keep your garden healthy and happy.

Troubleshooting Common Calla Lily Challenges

Even with the best intentions, gardeners sometimes face hurdles. Here are some common problems with different types of calla lilies and how to address them.

Yellowing Leaves

This can indicate several issues.

  • Overwatering: Especially common with colorful hybrids. Ensure good drainage and let soil dry out between waterings.
  • Nutrient Deficiency: A lack of nitrogen can cause overall yellowing. Apply a balanced fertilizer.
  • Too Much Sun: In intense heat, leaves can scorch. Provide some afternoon shade.
  • Natural Aging: Lower leaves naturally yellow as they age; this is normal.

No Blooms or Poor Flowering

This is often frustrating!

  • Insufficient Light: Calla lilies need enough sun to produce flowers. Move them to a brighter spot.
  • Lack of Nutrients: Ensure you’re feeding them regularly during the growing season with a phosphorus-rich fertilizer to encourage blooms.
  • Overcrowding: If rhizomes/tubers are too dense, they may not bloom. Divide them every few years.
  • Immature Tubers: Newly planted, small tubers may need a season to establish before flowering profusely.

Pests and Diseases

Calla lilies are generally robust, but can occasionally face issues.

  • Aphids & Spider Mites: Small insects that feed on sap. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
  • Root Rot: Caused by overly wet, poorly draining soil. This is fatal if not caught early. Ensure proper drainage, especially for tuberous varieties.
  • Fungal Spots: Can appear on leaves in humid conditions. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering.

Frequently Asked Questions About Calla Lilies

Are calla lilies toxic?

Yes, all parts of the calla lily plant are considered toxic if ingested. They contain calcium oxalate crystals, which can cause irritation to the mouth, throat, and digestive tract. Keep them away from curious pets and children.

When do calla lilies bloom?

White calla lilies (Z. aethiopica) typically bloom in late spring to early summer, and sometimes sporadically. The colorful hybrid calla lilies generally bloom in summer, usually for several weeks.

Can I grow calla lilies indoors?

Absolutely! Many of the smaller, colorful hybrid calla lilies make excellent potted houseplants. Provide them with bright, indirect light, consistent moisture (but not soggy soil), and good air circulation. They’ll appreciate a humid environment.

How long do calla lily blooms last?

Once cut, calla lily blooms can last 1-2 weeks in a vase with fresh water. On the plant, individual blooms can last for several weeks, and the plant often produces multiple blooms over its flowering season.

Do calla lilies need a lot of sun?

Most calla lilies prefer full sun (6+ hours of direct sunlight) to partial shade (4-6 hours, especially afternoon shade in hot climates). The colorful varieties generally need more sun to produce the best blooms.

Embrace the Elegance of Calla Lilies!

There you have it, Greeny Gardener! A comprehensive journey through the enchanting world of the different types of calla lilies. From the majestic white Arum Lily to the dazzling array of colorful hybrids, each variety offers a unique opportunity to add elegance and vibrancy to your garden or home.

We’ve covered everything from understanding their fundamental differences to choosing the right type for your space, and even provided actionable different types of calla lilies tips for care and troubleshooting. Remember, gardening is all about learning, experimenting, and enjoying the process.

Don’t be afraid to try a new variety, or perhaps even cultivate a collection of these stunning beauties. With the knowledge you’ve gained today, you’re well-equipped to grow flourishing, breathtaking calla lilies that will be the envy of your neighborhood. So go forth, choose your favorite, and let your calla lily adventure begin!

Rimon Chowdhury
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